General notes

Submitted manuscripts should represent original work and be written in English. They should be double-spaced, typed on only one side of each page. Submit 3 hard copies on good-quality A4 paper (21.0 x 29.7 cm). Leave a 3-cm margin on the left and on the right sides. They must not exceed 20 printed pages of the journal (30 to 40 typed pages), including text, tables, figures and references.

Title and author(s)

The manuscript should begin with the title in upper-case letters. The title identifies the manuscript content and should be concise. Indicate the scientific names of species in italic (do the same for the whole manuscript). The author’s name (in upper case, e.g. D. SMITH and B. DURANT) should be followed on the next line by affiliation, address and e-mail number (in lower case). For more than one author with the same address use the same number of stars in brackets [e.g. (*) or (**), etc.] placed after each author’s name and before their common address written only once. Write each address on separate lines and provide e-mail numbers. Give two running heads in lower case: a shortened title for the left side of a double page, and the name(s) of no more than 3 authors for the right side. In case of >3 authors, give the first author’s name followed by "et al."

Key words

Give about 6 key words, beginning by the common name of the species studied, followed by its scientific name, topics, methods and location.

Abstract

The abstract should not exceed 300 words. Indicate the main aims, methods, results, and conclusions. Give the scientific name once only, when mentioning the common name for the first time. Do the same in the main text.

Headings and major sections

Usually, manuscripts should have 6 major sections with 6 major headings: I. INTRODUCTION, II. MATERIAL AND METHODS, III. RESULTS, IV. DISCUSSION, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS and REFERENCES. You should use a maximum of two minor levels: a first minor level in upper case letters (e.g. II.1. STUDY AREA), and a second minor level in lower case letters (e.g. Vegetation of the study area).

Literature cited in text and references

In text, published literature is cited by author(s) and year, e.g. SMITH (1998), SMITH and DURANT (1999). With 3 or more authors, use "et al.", e.g. SMITH et al. (2000). In a series of citations use a chronological order [e.g. (SMITH, 1989; DURANT, 2000)]. Cite personal communication only if necessary and in the following form: (David SMITH, pers. commun.).
In references, list only publications that are cited in the text, in alphabetical order. A manuscript that has been accepted for publication, but is not published yet, should be cited with the anticipated publication year after the name(s) of the author(s) and with "(in press)" after the volume number. Use official abbreviations for journal titles (see: World List of Scientific Periodicals). Follow the examples listed underneath.
Book or symposium volume or proceedings: POTTS G.R. (1986). – The partridge; pesticides, predation and conservation. Collins, London, 274 p. Chapter within a book or individual article within symposium or proceedings: ASH J.S. (1992). – The galliform species of the Horn of Africa. In: Perdix VI , First Intern. Symp. on Partridges, Quails and Francolins, M. BIRKAN, G.R. POTTS, N.J. AEBISCHER and S.D. DOWELL, eds. Gibier Faune Sauvage, 9: 539-550. Thesis : TACHA T.C. (1981). – Behavior and taxonomy of sandhill cranes from mid-continental North America. Ph. D. Thesis, Oklahoma State Univ., Stillwater, 110 p. Journal : MIURA S. (1984). – Social behaviour and territoriality in male sika deer (Sika nippon) during rut. Z. Tierpsychol., 64: 33-73. Journal written in an unusual language (e.g. Russian): IVANTER E.V. (1974). – Gluchar’i belaja kuropatka v Karelii (Capercaillie and willow grouse in Carelia). Ornithologija (Ornithology), 12: 206-226. Multiple citations of the same author(s), follow this order: PEEK J.M. (1963a) / PEEK J.M. (1963b) / PEEK J.M. (1986) / PEEK J.M. & LOVAAS A.L. (1968) / PEEK J.M., LOVAAS A.L. & ROUSE R.A. (1967) / PEEK J.M. & ROUSE R.A. (1966).

Tables and figures

Submit only essential tables and figures. Do not present the same data in a table and a figure. Number tables and figures independently: tables with Roman numerals (e.g. Table I) and figures with Arabic numerals (e.g. Figure 1). Tables and figures should be self-explanatory; in the legend avoid reference to the text, and be sure to include the species and the subject of the data, and where and when the data were collected.
Do not prepare tables for small data sets, those containing many blanks, zeros, repetitions of the same number, or those with few significant data. Put a summary of such data in the text. Tables should include as few footnotes as possible. Type table number above each table. Submit each table on a separate sheet of paper.
For figures, submit only professionally prepared line drawings. The best ones are drawn with black India ink on white high-quality paper and with typeset lettering. Laser-printed originals are acceptable. Maximum size of figures: 36 x 22 cm, which will be reduced to half. Keep in mind that your figure must be legible after reduction. Where applicable, draw a scale directly on the figure, instead of giving a written scale. Characters should be in the same typeface for all figures. On the back of each figure lightly print (in soft pencil) the name of the first author, figure number, and indicate "top". Submit each figure on a separate sheet of paper. Type (double-spaced) all figure legends on a separate page.
Submit coloured or black-and-white pictures only if they are strictly necessary. Pictures must have sharp focus in the most important parts of the image, have high tonal contrast and be printed on black and white brilliant paper. Indicate number (e.g. Picture 1), legend and place in the text as for figures. Submit each picture separately.

Style and usage

When a number is the first word of a sentence or is less than 10, write it in full; otherwise write it in numerals. Use symbols or abbreviations (e.g. % and kg) for measurement units that follow a number (always in numerals in such cases). Use international units and abbreviations. Give times using a 24-hour clock, e.g. 00.01 through 24.0 hours (midnight).

Floppy disk

If you have used an IBMTM PC or a MacIntoshTM wordprocessor, please submit the text on a 3.5-inch (HD or DD) or a 5.25-inch (DD) floppy disk (WordTM, or WorperfectTM, Mac WriteTM, WordstarTM, MultimateTM, AASCII file format) with 3 printed copies.